81. The______is the core of an atom. a. Compound 

b. Proton 

c. Neutron 

d. nucleus 

82. Basalt and granite are examples of ________ . a. Crystals 

b. Rocks 

c. Minerals 

d. compounds 

83. _______ is a substance formed when two or more different atoms bond together. a. Compound 

b. Mineral 

c. Element 

d. isotope 

84. In a _______ , the electrons move freely among the atoms, allowing the substance to conduct electricity. a. ionic bond 

b. covalent bond 

c. metallic bond 

d. van der Waals bond 

85. The nucleus is composed of positively charged ___________ and electrically neutral neutrons. a. Protons 

b. Electrons 

c. Atoms 

d. elements 

86. Separate molecules often associate with each other in a _______. a. ionic bond 

b. covalent bond 

c. metallic bond 

d. Van der Waals bond 

GEOLOGY C105 – 78 – 

87. An _______ occurs when one or more electrons transfer to another atom, forming ions that are then attracted to each other. a. ionic bond 

b. covalent bond 

c. metallic bond 

d. Van der Waals bond 

88. An ion composed of a group of covalently-bonded atoms is called a _______. a. polyatomic bond 

b. covalent bond 

c. metallic bond 

d. Van der Waals bond 

89. Rocks are composed of ______. a. Compounds 

b. Minerals 

c. Elements 

d. isotopes 

90. ______ is used for fireproofing and is in the silicate mineral group. a. Halide 

b. Travertine 

c. Asbestos 

d. galena 

91. Quartz is used to make glass and is in the __________ group of minerals. a. Carbonate 

b. Silicate 

c. Sulfate 

d. nitrate 

92. The anion which identifies the carbonate group is______ . a. CO32- 

b. SiO44- 

c. S2- 

d. SO42-. 

93. Halite and fluorite and in the _____ group of minerals. a. Sulfide 

b. Halide 

c. Fluoride 

d. Oxide 

– 79 – GEOLOGY C105 

94. ________ is an example of a native element. a. Gold 

b. Salt 

c. Nitrate 

d. sulfate 

95. The carbonate mineral group includes dolomite and _____. a. Galena 

b. Basalt 

c. Granite 

d. travertine 

96. _______ are always naturally occurring inorganic substances with a definite chemical composition and physical properties. a. Rocks 

b. Minerals 

c. Ions 

d. atoms 

97. ________ is lead sulfide (PbS) and has cubic crystals. a. Halite 

b. Granite 

c. Galena 

d. travertine 

98. _________ minerals compose the majority of our planet and the way they behave depends upon their structure. a. Carbonate 

b. Silicate 

c. Sulfate 

d. nitrate 

99. __________are a group of silicate minerals in which silica tetrahedra are arranged in a framework structure and containing potassium, calcium or sodium cations. a. Feldspars 

b. Micas 

c. Pyroxenes 

d. amphiboles 

100. The anion that identifies the silicate group of minerals is _______. a. CO32- 

b. SiO44- 

c. S2- 

d. SO42-