I need some assistance with these assignment. protecting it: a roadmap for securing the enterprise Thank you in advance for the help! The bitter fact is no physical intrusion is needed, rather a person sitting hundreds of miles away can access and damage the personal information and other relevant material which is of high security nature. History is full of events and incidents where massive intrusions took place from outside insurgents online and hacked the systems. Every other day we get to hear a random large sized enterprise getting hacked and its privacy being breached. Business enterprises which have large amount of assets at their stake are most vulnerable and easily targeted by the hackers (Tyson, 2007). Hackers and online insurgents imply various means and methods of infiltrating into the networks and further making way for privacy breach and getting access to highly sophisticated data and records. While the methods employed by the hackers are innumerable, some of the common ones that are being employed are as follows: Spoofing: It is the adopting of dubious means to get in to the network .The network traffic is being targeted and fake identity is being shown. The I.P addresses are being forged and are shown as friendly I.P trying access the network. If succeeded, the infiltrating entity can penetrate into the parts of enterprise and network which are accessible only to the members and since the attempting I.D poses as original one , therefore it goes past unnoticed and causes all the damage possible in the least noticeable manner(Linta & Khan, 2012). Denial of service: As the name implies, the network paths are jammed and users are being hurdled from accessing their account, the particular section of website or other online resource which has been attacked (Mirkovic, Dietrich, & Reiher, 2005). This is a relatively organized attack which involves set of units being combined in order to jam the functions and restrict the normal flow. Spam: Spam is the unauthorized and malicious content email which aims at entering into the system of the individual through deceptive means and once into the system, enables damaging the entire setup and compromises the private data contained in the system itself(Cormack, 2008). These are few of the threats that can be faced by the enterprises. Every other day an enterprise is confronted with such situation and lots of damages are being incurred. Damages are not just material, rather trust of the customers, a brand name with no backup and less reliability and many other factors which go against the success of the enterprise. Considering such a situation need was being felt for establishing means and methods of securing the network through different means. As a result many initiatives were being taken which include the following functions that ensure safe using and activities across the internet and online medium. V.P.N: Acronym for Virtual Private Networks. They are also termed as Secure Internet networks just because of the level of security they provide. They are usually employed by enterprises for safe practices and dedicated functions. V.P.Ns have large number of advantages to them, the first and foremost being the security factor. It enables using the world wide web and the overall traffic through dedicated paths and I.Ps that are relatively invisible and away from the reach of hackers.