I need help creating a thesis and an outline on Monoclonal Antibodies. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. The tests include ELISA, western blotting, and immune dot-blot methods. After the assay, the cells are grown in the selective medium indefinitely. The antibodies produced by the hybridoma cells are separated from the cellular components and other growth factors using ultrafiltration, dialysis, ion-exchange chromatography, and other separation techniques. (Saha 2010).

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is characterized by the high sugar levels in the blood. After a meal, the glucose level in the blood increases triggering insulin secretion by the B-cells of the pancreas. If the insulin secretion is very less or nil then the diabetes is caused. There are two types of Diabetes. Type 1 Diabetes mellitus and Type II diabetes mellitus. Type 1 Diabetes mellitus is caused by the destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas leading to the less production of insulin. Type II diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous multicomplex disease. Type II Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with obesity and hypertension. Insulin resistance is a notable factor for T2DM patients. Hence the understanding of the metabolic pathways using the antibodies emerged to diagnose and treat T2DM. (Ahrens 2011). Many techniques are used for the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM. Some of them are western blotting, Immunoblotting, Immunohistochemistry, Flow cytometry, Immunofluorescence, and High content screening.

Approximately 5 – 10 % of the diabetes mellitus patients are type I and the rest of the diabetic patients are type II. In both, the types’ long term complications such as Cardiovascular disease, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy are very common. (Joslin and Kahn 2005).

Antibodies are immunoglobulin protein molecules that are produced by the B cells in the body. Antibodies are used to identify and&nbsp.neutralize the foreign bodies present in the body. Antibodies bind with the antigen by the lock and key mechanism. Each antibody has a specific target antigen. Nearly 10- 15 % of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are antibody positive and the treatment guidelines and identification methods vary from type 1 diabetes mellitus. (Joslin and Kahn 2005).