Earl Drummond, 75 years old, visits his physician for a routine examination. During the history and physical, Mr. Drummond states that he has been experiencing difficulty seeing at a distance while driving and that at times he feels dizzy, especially when he closes his eyes. Additionally, Mr. Drummond tells his physician that he has a slight “cold.” The physician asks Mr. Dummmond to stand with his feet together and arms extended forward. The doctor discovers that as long as Mr. Drummond keeps his eyes open, he exhibits very little swaying movement. However, when closes his eyes, his body begins to sway a great deal, and his arms tend to drift together toward the left side of his body. After a complete workup, which includes a neurological evaluation and a basic vision- screening test, the preliminary diagnosis is a slight fever, myopia, and vertigo. It is estimated that 20-25 percent of all adults in the United States have myopia, while 40 percent of people in the United States experience vertigo at least once during their lifetime. The prevalence for both conditions increases with age.

1. Explain the diagnosis of myopia.
2. What treatment is avaliable for people with myopia?
3. Based on the information given, provide an explanation for Mr. Drummond’s vertigo.
4. Why is Mr. Drummond’s vertigo worse when his eyes are closed?
5. Why might Mr. Drummond’s arms move toward his left side when he has his eyes closed?

Curious complications from the common cold Earl Drummond, ’75 years old, visits his physician for aroutine examination.During the historyand physical, Mr.Drummond statesthat he has beenexperiencing difficultyseeing at a distancewhile driving and that at times he feels dizzy, especially when he closes his eyes.Additionally, Mr. Drummond tells his physician that he has a slight “cold.” The physician asks Mr. Drummond to stand with his feet together and arms extended forward. The doctordiscovers that as long as Mr. Drummond keeps his eyes open, he exhibits very little swaying movement. However, when hecloses his eyes, his body begins to sway a great deal, and his arms tend to drift together toward the left side of his body. After acomplete workup, which includes a neurological evaluation anda basic vision—screening test, the preliminary diagnosis is a slightfever, myopia, and vertigo. It is estimated that 20—25 percent of all adults in the UnitedStates have myopia, while 40 percent of people in the UnitedStates experience vertigo at least once during their lifetime. Theprevalence for both conditions increases with age. Explain the diagnosis of myopia.What treatment is available for people with myopia? ENE Based on the information given, provide an explanation forMr. Drummond’s vertigo. Why is Mr. Drummond’s vertigo worse when his eyes areclosed? Why might Mr. Drummond’s arms move toward his left sidewhen he has his eyes closed?