1)   The soma sensory neurons are located in which of the following structures?

a.    Dorsal column

b.    Ventral root

c.    Dorsal root ganglion

d.    Gray matter

2)   Bill has lost feeling in his left foot. Briefly describe 3 possible locations of injury that could result in this symptom and explain how each injury results in this symptom.

3)   Briefly describe a major difference between spatial temporal summation of presynaptic inputs onto a postsynaptic neuron.

4)   As the strength of the stimulus increases, the amplitude of action potentials generated by a sensory receptor

a.    Decreases

b.    Remains the same

c.    Increases

5)   What type of sensory receptor detects pain resulting from tissue damage? (one-word answer)

6)   A decrease in pH of cerebral spinal fluid will cause respiration rate to?

a.    Increase

b.    Remain the same

c.    Decrease

7)   A sensory receptor that detects light touch of the skin is an example of?

a.    Visceral receptor

b.    Mechanoreceptor

c.    All of these

d.    Enteroreceptor

e.    None of these

8)   Membrane potentials for a postsynaptic neuron are recorded at its axon hillock (trigger zone). Resting potential for this cell is -80mv. Individuals stimulation of presynaptic neurons A,B and C results in the following changes in membrane potential at the axon hillock: +10 mV, -10mV mV and +20mV. If all 3 presynaptic neurons were stimulated at the same time, then the membrane potential at the postsynaptic axon hillock would be:

a.    -60mV

b.    None of these

c.    -40mV

d.    -100mV

9)   Briefly describe one major difference between an inotropic receptor and a metabotropic receptor.

10) Which of the following neurons would have the fastest conduction velocity of an action potential?

a.    Myelinated axon that has a diameter of 1 micron

b.    Unmyelinated axon that has a dimeter of 3 microns

c.    Myelinated axon that has a diameter of 3 microns

d.    Unmyelinated axon that has diameter of 1 micron

11) Sensory receptors in which of the following locations play a role in regulating breathing rate?

a.    None of these

b.    All of these

c.    Lungs

d.    Aorta

e.    Brain

12) The effect of a neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic neuron are typically very brief because the concentration of the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft decreases rapidly soon after transmitter is secreted by the presynaptic neuron. Describe 3 mechanisms by which the transmitter is removed.

13) Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to both chemical and electrical synapses?

a.    Communication between interacting cells involves changes ion concentrations in the cytosol

b.    Only one-way communication between nerve cells is permitted.

c.    Action potentials are involved with communication between nerve cells.

d.    None of these apply to both type of synapses

14) Which of the following changes will induce an IPSP in a postsynaptic neuron?

a.    Influx of calcium ions

b.    Efflux of potassium ions

c.    Efflux of chloride ions

d.    Influx of sodium ions

15) An increase in carbon dioxide levels in the cerebral spinal fluid will cause respiration rate to?

a.    Increase

b.    Remain the same

c.    Decrease